Table 1 BCAA metabolism and drug resistance in tumours
From: Multiple roles of branched-chain amino acid metabolism in tumour progression
Chemotherapeutic | Tumour type | BCAA-metabolizing enzyme levels | Chemo-resistance mechanism | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cisplatin | Hepatocellular carcinoma | BCAT1 upregulation | Inhibition of mTORC signalling pathway to activate autophagy | [19] |
Carboplatin | Epithelial ovarian cancer | BCAT1 upregulation | Upregulation of AKR1C1 expression and reduced accumulation of ROS | |
TKI treatment | Lung cancer | BCAT1 upregulation | Reduced accumulation of ROS | [14] |
Paclitaxel | Epithelial ovarian cancer and breast cancer | BCKDK upregulation | Enhancement of the mTORC1-Aurora pathway to promote mitosis in tumour cells | [46] |
Tamoxifen | Breast cancer | SLC7A5 upregulation | Increased leucine uptake mediates the adaptation of ERα+ breast cancer to nutritional stress | [20] |